"col" meaning in Middle English

See col in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /kɔːl/, /kaːl/ [Northern] Forms: coles [plural], coul [alternative], coyl [alternative], cal [alternative, Northern], cale [alternative, Northern], kal [alternative, Northern], kale [alternative, Northern]
Etymology: From Old English cāl, variant of cawel, borrowed from Latin caulis. Etymology templates: {{etymid|enm|kale}}, {{inh|enm|ang|cāl}} Old English cāl, {{der|enm|la|caulis}} Latin caulis Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=|var=}} col, {{enm-noun|coles}} col (plural coles)
  1. cabbage, kale, colewort
    Sense id: en-col-enm-noun-LJZ308QQ Categories (other): Pages with etymon, Middle English entries with etymon, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Vegetables Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 7 12 23 7 20 12 3 3 0 3 12 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with etymon: 48 36 8 8 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 58 28 6 8 Disambiguation of Vegetables: 80 7 6 6
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

Forms: coles [plural], coul [alternative], coyl [alternative], cal [alternative, Northern], cale [alternative, Northern], kal [alternative, Northern], kale [alternative, Northern]
Etymology: From Old English col. Etymology templates: {{ety|enm|:inh|ang:col<id:coal>|id=coal}} [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*kulą", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*kol", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old English", "term" : "col", "lang" : "ang" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "col", "lang" : "enm" }" data-id="coal" data-lang="enm" data-title="col" id="Middle_English:_coal">, {{inh|enm|ang|col}} Old English col Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=|var=}} col, {{enm-noun|coles}} col (plural coles)
  1. charcoal
    Sense id: en-col-enm-noun-pbP1AB45 Categories (other): Pages with etymon Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 7 12 23 7 20 12 3 3 0 3 12
  2. coal (the mineral)
    Sense id: en-col-enm-noun-EtG-POa0
  3. coal (ember)
    Sense id: en-col-enm-noun-nXBiFqYp
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "cole"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "kale"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "kail"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "cale"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "caill"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "kail"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "kaayle"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "cál"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "kale"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "cāl"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English cāl",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "caulis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin caulis",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English cāl, variant of cawel, borrowed from Latin caulis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "coles",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coul",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coyl",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cal",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cale",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kal",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kale",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "var": ""
      },
      "expansion": "col",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "coles"
      },
      "expansion": "col (plural coles)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 12 23 7 20 12 3 3 0 3 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 36 8 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 28 6 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "80 7 6 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Vegetables",
          "orig": "enm:Vegetables",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cabbage, kale, colewort"
      ],
      "id": "en-col-enm-noun-LJZ308QQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "cabbage",
          "cabbage"
        ],
        [
          "kale",
          "kale"
        ],
        [
          "colewort",
          "colewort"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔːl/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaːl/",
      "tags": [
        "Northern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "col"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "coal"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ang:col<id:coal>",
        "id": "coal"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kulą\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kol\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"col\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"col\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-id=\"coal\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"col\" id=\"Middle_English:_coal\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "col"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English col",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English col.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "coles",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coul",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coyl",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cal",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cale",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kal",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kale",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "var": ""
      },
      "expansion": "col",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "coles"
      },
      "expansion": "col (plural coles)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 12 23 7 20 12 3 3 0 3 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "charcoal"
      ],
      "id": "en-col-enm-noun-pbP1AB45",
      "links": [
        [
          "charcoal",
          "charcoal"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "coal (the mineral)"
      ],
      "id": "en-col-enm-noun-EtG-POa0",
      "links": [
        [
          "coal",
          "coal"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "coal (ember)"
      ],
      "id": "en-col-enm-noun-nXBiFqYp",
      "links": [
        [
          "coal",
          "coal"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "col"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with etymon",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵwelH-",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 23 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "enm:Vegetables"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "cole"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "kale"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "kail"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "cale"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "caill"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "kail"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "kaayle"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "cál"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "kale"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "cāl"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English cāl",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "caulis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin caulis",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English cāl, variant of cawel, borrowed from Latin caulis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "coles",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coul",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coyl",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cal",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cale",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kal",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kale",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "var": ""
      },
      "expansion": "col",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "coles"
      },
      "expansion": "col (plural coles)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cabbage, kale, colewort"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cabbage",
          "cabbage"
        ],
        [
          "kale",
          "kale"
        ],
        [
          "colewort",
          "colewort"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔːl/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaːl/",
      "tags": [
        "Northern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "col"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with etymon",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵwelH-",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 23 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "enm:Vegetables"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "coal"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ang:col<id:coal>",
        "id": "coal"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kulą\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kol\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"col\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"col\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-id=\"coal\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"col\" id=\"Middle_English:_coal\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "col"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English col",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English col.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "coles",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coul",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coyl",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cal",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cale",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kal",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kale",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "var": ""
      },
      "expansion": "col",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "coles"
      },
      "expansion": "col (plural coles)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "charcoal"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "charcoal",
          "charcoal"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "coal (the mineral)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "coal",
          "coal"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "coal (ember)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "coal",
          "coal"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "col"
}

Download raw JSONL data for col meaning in Middle English (5.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.